Text and attribute-based messaging is a useful technique for sharing information and services between diverse application languages. The technique was made popular in Unix/Linux but is not exclusive to Unix/Linux. Characteristics include:
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The text message can be viewed as a discrete unit of text. It can be thought of as a file.
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The text is human-readable without special viewers or browsers other than a plane-jane text editor. (Although the meaning of the structure may be context-sensitive).
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Any data-structures used are relatively easy to parse.
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It is mostly declarative information rather than commands.
Examples include:
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Markup text or files, such as HTML or XML
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Comma-separated value files
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An HTTP message